Under a voyage charter, how is freight typically calculated?

• A. Based on the cargo's volume in cubic meters.
• B. Based on the weight of cargo.
• C. Based on tons of cargo.
• D. Based on the distance sailed.

Answer: (C)

Freight under a voyage charter is typically calculated on a per-ton basis, meaning the shipowner is paid a rate for each ton of cargo carried. The total freight is the rate per ton multiplied by the cargo quantity, most commonly measured in metric tons (tonnes), with some markets using long tons depending on local practice. This weight-based approach aligns the payment with the amount of cargo and the space, fuel, and handling it requires. While volume (cubic meters) can be relevant for planning or for certain cargo types, the standard basis for calculating the base freight in a voyage charter is the cargo’s mass, not its volume or the distance sailed.